4-hydroxytryptamine kinase

UniProtKB accession:  P0DPA8

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UniProtKB description:  4-hydroxytryptamine kinase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of psilocybin, a psychotropic tryptamine-derived natural product (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:31150155, PubMed:32101345). The first step in the pathway is the decarboxylation of L-tryptophan to tryptamine by the decarboxylase psiD (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:31150155). 4-hydroxy-L-tryptophan is accepted as substrate by psiD as well (PubMed:28763571). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase psiH then converts tryptamine to 4-hydroxytryptamine (PubMed:28763571). The kinase psiK catalyzes the 4-O-phosphorylation step by converting 4-hydroxytryptamine into norbaeocystin (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:31150155, PubMed:32101345, PubMed:35583969). The methyltransferase psiM then catalyzes iterative methyl transfer to the amino group of norbaeocystin to yield psilocybin via a monomethylated intermediate, baeocystin (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:31150155). 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-l-tryptophancan also be converted the decarboxylase PsiD, kinase PsiK, and methyltransferase PsiM into respectively 6-methyl-norbaeocystin, 6-methylbaeocystin, and 6-methylpsilocybin (PubMed:31150155). PsiK kinase can also turn psilocin into psilocybin (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:35583969). This activity may represent a protective mechanism to rephosphorylate the unstable psilocin to the stable psilocybin in case of intracellular ester cleavage (PubMed:28763571, PubMed:35583969). Moreover, psiK is able to O-phosphorylate the quaternary amine 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyltryptamine (4-OH-TMT) to yield aeruginascin, another bioactive compound found in Psilocybe species (PubMed:35583969).